Duress, Undue Influence and Unconscionable Dealing
   
 
Författare:Enonchong Nelson
Titel:Duress, Undue Influence and Unconscionable Dealing
Upplaga:4 uppl.
Utgivningsår:2023
Omfång:650 sid.
Förlag:Sweet & Maxwell
ISBN:9780414110557
Produkttyp:Inbunden
Typ av verk:Monografi
Serie:Contract Law Library
Serie:Sweet & Maxwell
Ämnesord:Förmögenhetsrätt , Utländsk rätt
Pris: 4427 SEK exkl. moms

 

Duress, Undue, Influence and Unconscionable Dealing are grounds on which a contract can be set aside because the claimant was induced to enter into it by means which the law considers unacceptable. Professor Enonchong provides a detailed and rigorous analysis of the circumstances where an otherwise valid transaction can be avoided on each of these grounds.

Duress

Duress is a common law doctrine under which a contract may be avoided where the complainant was induced to enter into it by illegitimate pressure, such as a threat of physical violence, a threat to seize or damage property or economic pressure.

Undue Influence

There are two doctrines of undue influence: the equitable doctrine of undue influence is concerned with lifetime transactions (such as contracts), while the probate doctrine of undue influence is concerned with wills. The equitable doctrine of undue influence deals with cases where one person has acquired influence over another, and the ascendant person abuses that influence to induce the other person to enter into a lifetime transaction. It includes an evidential presumption of undue influence in certain cases. Probate undue influence applies in relation to wills. It allows the court to refuse to admit a will to probate where the testator was induced to sign the will by the exercise of undue influence. Unlike equitable undue influence, probate undue influence does not include an evidential presumption of undue influence.

Abuse of Confidence

The book also discusses the equitable doctrine of abuse of confidence, which is sometimes confused with, but is different from, the equitable doctrine of undue influence. The doctrine of abuse of confidence is concerned to protect a person (the principal) who has placed confidence in another person (the fiduciary) from abuse of that confidence in any transaction between the fiduciary and the principal (as where a solicitor buys property from his client).

Unconscionable dealing

Unconscionable dealing or unconscionable bargains is an equitable doctrine that provides protection to weaker parties in certain situations. The court will intervene on this ground to set aside a contract where, at the time of the contract: one party was suffering from some serious disadvantage, such as poverty, ignorance, illness, or otherwise, so that the circumstances existed of which unfair advantage could be taken; that weakness was exploited by the other party (“the stronger party”) in a morally reprehensible manner; and the resulting transaction is extremely one-sided in favour of the stronger party.


Features:

- Provides comprehensive information on all aspects of duress, undue influence and unconscionable dealing and abuse of confidence.

- Helps you deal with problems arising from a range of contractual disputes.

- Explains the remedies and defences available in the context of the doctrines examined in this work.

- Examines the different types of duress including duress to the person, duress of goods and economic duress.

- Covers recent developments and case law relating to undue influence, including relevant Supreme Court and Court of Appeal decisions and commonwealth cases

- Includes a comparative analysis of the approach in other jurisdictions, including Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland and Singapore.

- Gives examples of how duress, undue influence, abuse of confidence and unconscionable dealing cases work in practice.

- In the context of third party undue influence or misrepresentation, where the loan is to a company,provides a critical examination of the circumstances where the bank may not be put on inquiry.

- Takes you through the detailed steps that a bank that is put on inquiry is required to take to avoid being fixed with constructive notice.


Contents:

1. General Introduction

PART I DURESS;

2. The Nature of Duress
3. Is the Pressure Illegitimate?
4. Causation and Absence of Reasonable Alternative
5. Types of Duress

PART II UNDUE INFLUENCE AND ABUSE OF CONFIDENCE;

6. Introduction to Part II
7. Equitable Undue Influence
8. Actual Undue Influence
9. Presumed Undue Influence
10. Presumed Undue Influence: A Relationship of Influence
11. Presumed Undue Influence: A Transaction that calls for Explanation
12. Rebutting the Presumption of Undue Influence
13. Undue Influence in Probate Law
14. Abuse of Confidence

PART III UNCONSCIONABLE DEALING

15. Introduction to Part III
16. Was the Claimant at a serious Disadvantage?
17. Is the Defendant’s Conduct Unconscionable?
18. Is the Transaction Overreaching and Oppressive?
19. Independent Advice
20. Scope of Unconscionable Dealing

PART IV THIRD PARTY'S DURESS, UNDUE INFLUENCE OR UNCONSCIONABLE CONDUCT

21. Introduction to Part IV
22. The Doctrine of Agency
23. Actual and Constructive Notice
24. Constructive Notice: When is a Party Put on Inquiry?
25. Steps to be Taken by a Creditor Put on Inquiry
26. Comparison with Equivalent Doctrines in Australia and Scotland

PART V REMEDIES AND DEFENCES

27. Introduction to Part V;
28. Remedies
29. Equitable Defences.
 
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